vim tip - tabstop, sts, sw / ESC

tabstop: number of spaces that <Tab> in file uses

:set tabstop=4

또는 줄여서 :se ts=4

softtabstop: number of spaces that <Tab> uses while editing

:set softtabstop=4

또는 줄여서:se sts=4

shiftwidth: number of spaces to use for (auto)indent step

:set shiftwidth=4

또는 줄여서:se sw=4

vim 는 역시 

1. 기능을 보고

2. 사용을 하고

3. 사용을 또 해봐야

4. 익혀집니다.

[ 추가 TIP ]

ESC 키 대신 ctrl+[ 키 조합을 사용할 수 있습니다.

ESC 키까지 손가락을 뻗치는 것보다,

왼손 새끼손가락으로 control 키를 누르고 

오른손 약지로 [ 키를 누르는 게 손을 덜 움직입니다.

아래는 vi help 내용입니다.

'tabstop' 'ts'          number  (default 8)

                        local to buffer

        Number of spaces that a <Tab> in the file counts for.  Also see

        |:retab| command, and 'softtabstop' option.

        Note: Setting 'tabstop' to any other value than 8 can make your file

        appear wrong in many places (e.g., when printing it).

        There are four main ways to use tabs in Vim:

        1. Always keep 'tabstop' at 8, set 'softtabstop' and 'shiftwidth' to 4

           (or 3 or whatever you prefer) and use 'noexpandtab'.  Then Vim

           will use a mix of tabs and spaces, but typing <Tab> and <BS> will

           behave like a tab appears every 4 (or 3) characters.

        2. Set 'tabstop' and 'shiftwidth' to whatever you prefer and use

           'expandtab'.  This way you will always insert spaces.  The

           formatting will never be messed up when 'tabstop' is changed.

        3. Set 'tabstop' and 'shiftwidth' to whatever you prefer and use a

           |modeline| to set these values when editing the file again.  Only

           works when using Vim to edit the file.

        4. Always set 'tabstop' and 'shiftwidth' to the same value, and

           'noexpandtab'.  This should then work (for initial indents only)

           for any tabstop setting that people use.  It might be nice to have

           tabs after the first non-blank inserted as spaces if you do this

           though.  Otherwise aligned comments will be wrong when 'tabstop' is

           changed.

'softtabstop' 'sts'     number  (default 0)

                        local to buffer

                        {not in Vi}

        Number of spaces that a <Tab> counts for while performing editing

        operations, like inserting a <Tab> or using <BS>.  It "feels" like

        <Tab>s are being inserted, while in fact a mix of spaces and <Tab>s is

        used.  This is useful to keep the 'ts' setting at its standard value

        of 8, while being able to edit like it is set to 'sts'.  However,

        commands like "x" still work on the actual characters.

        When 'sts' is zero, this feature is off.

        'softtabstop' is set to 0 when the 'paste' option is set.

        See also |ins-expandtab|.  When 'expandtab' is not set, the number of

        spaces is minimized by using <Tab>s.

        The 'L' flag in 'cpoptions' changes how tabs are used when 'list' is

        set.

        NOTE: This option is set to 0 when 'compatible' is set.

'shiftwidth' 'sw'       number  (default 8)

                        local to buffer

        Number of spaces to use for each step of (auto)indent.  Used for

        |'cindent'|, |>>|, |<<|, etc.

:[range]ret[ab][!] [new_tabstop]

                        Replace all sequences of white-space containing a

                        <Tab> with new strings of white-space using the new

                        tabstop value given.  If you do not specify a new

                        tabstop size or it is zero, Vim uses the current value

                        of 'tabstop'.

                        The current value of 'tabstop' is always used to

                        compute the width of existing tabs.

                        With !, Vim also replaces strings of only normal

                        spaces with tabs where appropriate.

                        With 'expandtab' on, Vim replaces all tabs with the

                        appropriate number of spaces.

                        This command sets 'tabstop' to the new value given,

                        and if performed on the whole file, which is default,

                        should not make any visible change.

                        Careful: This command modifies any <Tab> characters

                        inside of strings in a C program.  Use "\t" to avoid

                        this (that's a good habit anyway).

                        ":retab!" may also change a sequence of spaces by

                        <Tab> characters, which can mess up a printf().

                        {not in Vi}

                        Not available when |+ex_extra| feature was disabled at

                        compile time.